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The kilometer per hour (SI symbol: km/h; non-standard abbreviations: kph, km/h) is a unit of speed, expressing the number of kilometers traveled in one hour.
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Although the meter was formally defined in 1799, the term “kilometer per hour” did not immediately come into use – myriameter (10,000 meters) and myriameter were preferred to kilometer per hour and kilometer per hour. In 1802, the term “myriamètres par heure” appeared in French literature.
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The Dutch, on the other hand, adopted the kilometer in 1817 but gave it the local name Mijl (Dutch mile).
The SI notations, classified as symbols, are “km/h”, “km h−1” and “km·h−1”. Many other abbreviations of “kilometer per hour” have been used since the term was introduced, and many are still in use today; For example, the dictionary list “kph”,
As abbreviations of “kmph” and “km/h”. Although these formats remain widely used, they are expressly prohibited for use with the International System of Units by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures.
“Kilometers per hour” did not begin to be abbreviated in print until many years later, with many different abbreviations existing almost simultaneously.
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With no overriding authority for rules for abbreviations (apart from the official km/h symbol, dictated by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures), different publishing houses have their own rules about whether to use uppercase or lowercase letters. Letters, periods and the like, reflect changes in fashion and the image of the respective publishing house.
In informal Australian usage, km/h is commonly referred to as “kays” [kaez] or “kays an hour”. In military usage, “click” is used, although written as km/h.
In 1879, four years after the signing of the Meter Treaty, the International Committee of Weights and Measures (CIPM), led by the Geraldine Conference of Weights and Measures (CGPM), proposed a series of symbols for various metric units. . Among them was the use of the symbol “km” for “kilometer”.
In 1948, as part of its preparatory work for the SI, the CGPM adopted symbols for several units of measurement that did not have universally agreed symbols, one of which was the symbol “h” for “hour”. At the same time, the CGPM formalized the rules for combining units—quotations can be written in one of three formats: “km/h”, “km h−1” and “km·h−1” can be valid representations. kilometers per hour”.
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SI standards, which were based on MKS rather than CGS, were published in the 1960s and have since been adopted by many authorities around the world, including academic publishers and legal authorities.
SI clearly states that single symbols are not abbreviations and must be written using a very specific set of rules.
It has already been said that, according to Maxwell, when we write the result of a measurement, the numerical value multiplies the unit. Therefore, the name of the unit can be replaced by a kind of algebraic symbol, which is shorter and easier to use in formulas. This symbol is not just an abbreviation, but a symbol that, like chemical symbols, must be used in a precise and prescribed manner.
SI, and therefore the use of “km/h” (or “km h−1” or “km·h−1”) is now universally adopted in many areas related to health and safety.
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In addition to the SI unit meter per second (“m/s”, “m s−1” or “m·s−1”). SI is also the preferred measurement system in education and training.
In the early years of the motor car, each country developed its own system of traffic signals. In 1968, the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals led by the United Nations Economic and Social Council was drawn up to harmonize road signs around the world. Since then, many countries have signed the Convention and accepted its resolutions. Speed limit signs that are directly authorized by the Convention or influenced by the Convention are shown below:
To account for British and Irish interests) which required member states to abandon CGS-based units in favor of SI. The use of SI requires member states to officially use the abbreviation “km/h” for “kilometers per hour”.
Another EU directive, published in 1975, regulates the speedometer layout in the European Union and requires the text “km/h” in all languages,
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Ev where it is not a natural abbreviation for the local version of “kilometers per hour”. Examples include:
In 1988, the United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration issued a rule stating that “MPH and/or km/h” should be used on speedometer displays. On 15 May 2000, it was clarified to read “MPH, or MPH and km/h”.
However, Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 101 (“Controls and Displays”) allows “any combination of upper and lower case letters” to be placed on the units.
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